试论1847年欧洲经济危机——主要以英、法两国为例

On the Economic Crisis in Europe in 1847:Mainly to Take England and France as Examples

1847年经济危机是早期工业资本主义发展中的一个重要事件,欧洲是这次危机的中心。本文主要以英法两国为例探讨以下几个问题：这一危机爆发的原因和过程,说明传统的农业歉收依然在危机中起重要作用;英国比法国较顺利地摆脱了危机,在于它拥有资本主义核心国家的多种优势;这两个国家的国家银行主要是在这次危机及其前后形成的。

The economic crises of 1847 were an important event in early industrial capitalism, and Europe was the centre of it. Taking England and France as examples, this article mainly discusses the following issues:the causes and processes of this crises, showing that the traditional poor crops still played an?important role in thecrisis; the reason that England shook off the crises more smoothly than France due to its various advantages as the core country of capitalism; the formation of the national banks in these two countries were roughly completed during around the years of the crises.