植物油中黄曲霉毒素B_1的污染状况调查分析

Analysis on Aflatoxin B1 Contamination in Vegetable Oils

目的为了初步调查分析市售植物油中黄曲霉毒素B_1的污染状况。方法随机抽取市售花生油、玉米油、葵花籽油、菜籽油、大豆油、调和油共246份的植物油作为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱法进行黄曲霉毒素B_1测定。结果调查分析的6类植物油中,黄曲霉毒素B_1只在花生油和菜籽油中有检出,超标样品全部为花生油。花生油黄曲霉毒素B_1的平均含量为16.2μg/kg,最高浓度为288μg/kg,其检出率及超标率分别为88.1%和11.9%。散装花生油与定型包装花生油黄曲霉毒素B_1检出率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.649,P>0.05);但超标率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.469,P<0.05)。结论市售植物油黄曲霉毒素B_1的总体污染水平不高,但花生油的检出率和超标率较高,散装花生油较易受到黄曲霉毒素B_1的污染,其超标率高于定型包装花生油。

ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the status of aflatoxin B1 （ AFB1 ） contamination in commercial vegetable oils. Methods246 randomly drawn vegetable oil samples of six kinds including peanut oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil and blend oil were analyzed for AFB1 by HPLC. ResultsAmong the six kinds of vegetable oils, AFB 1 was detected only from peanut oil and rapeseed oil. All over - standard data were found in peanut oil. The average content and maximum concentration of AFB, in peanut oil were 16. 2μg/kg and 288 μg/kg, repectively; the detection rate and over - standard rate were 88. 1% and 11. 9%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between detection rates of AFB1 from bulk peanut oil and packaged peanut oil （χ2 = 0. 649, P 〉 0. 05 ）, but the difference between overstandard rates was statistically significant （X2 = 9. 469, P 〈0. 05 ）. ConclusionThe overall level of AFB1 contamination in commercial vegetable oils was low, but the detection rate and over - standard rate in peanut oil were high. Bulk peanut oil was more susceptible to AFB1 contamination, and the over - standard rate in bulk peanut oil was higher than in packaged peanut oil.