粳稻转基因技术体系的研究与应用进展

Research and Application Progress of Transgenic Technology System of japonica Rice

水稻是我国60%以上人口的主食,在保障国家口粮安全中起着举足轻重的作用。近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高、城镇化进程的加快和消费习惯的改变,我国粳稻消费需求快速增长。但是,受耕地减少、生物与非生物因素胁迫日益严重的影响,粳稻增产的难度越来越大。基因工程技术的发展和应用为打破这一僵局提供了可能。回顾了粳稻转基因技术的发展,对粳稻转基因体系建立、体系优化、育种应用和安全转基因技术研发等方面进行了综述,并对目前粳稻转基因技术存在的问题和未来的发展进行了分析和展望。

Rice is the staple food providing calories for more than 60% people in China,which plays an impor- tant role in ensuring food security of our country. In recent years, the demand of japonica rice developed rapid- ly because of the influence of people＇s living standard, urbanization and consumption habits. But,it was difficult to increase japonica rice yield because of limited cultivated land and more biotic and abiotic stress. The genetic engineering technology provided the possibility to break the deadlock. The history of japonica rice transgenic technology was reviewed. Then, the establishment and optimization of japonica rice transgenic system, trans- genic breeding and safe transgenic technology were described. Finally, the existing problems and development in future of japonica rice transgenic technology were analyzed and prospected.