外周致密纤维2与精子功能关系的研究进展

Outer dense fiber 2 and sperm function:Progress in studies

弱精子症、畸形精子症是导致男性不育的主要原因,而精子尾部结构的异常和功能的缺失会导致精子活力低下。外周致密纤维2(ODF2)是哺乳动物精子尾部的组成部分,是维持细胞结构的骨架蛋白,因此,该纤维蛋白的异常与精子功能异常密切相关。研究显示,ODF2有许多同名蛋白和同源剪切体,出现在如精子中心体、卵裂胚的纺锤体等部位,也是动物纤毛发生所必需的;同时,ODF2也是微管相关蛋白,与精子获能有关,说明其并非单一的结构蛋白。本文对ODF2蛋白已知的多种功能进行了描述,为进一步系统研究ODF2与精子功能及受精的相关性奠定基础。

Oligoasthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia or low sperm motility is the main cause of male infertility. Low sperm mo- tility can be induced by abnormalities of the sperm tail structure and sperm function. The outer dense fiber protein 2 （ODF2） is a pro- tein fiber maintaining cytoskeleton, as a major component of the mammalian sperm tail and centrosome, and its abnormality is closely related to asthenospermia. Recent studies indicate that ODF2 includes many proteins of the same name and homologous splices located in the sperm centrosomes and spindles of cleaved-embryos, necessary for animal ciliogenesis and associated with sperm capacitation. The features of ODF2 indicate that it is not a single-structural protein. This paper reviews the known functions of ODF2, paving a ground for further studies of the relationship between the ODF2 protein and fertilization.