黄花草木犀与赖草混合青贮草的发酵品质研究

Study on mixed silage quality of Leymus secalinus and Melilotus officinalis on fermentation

将黄花草木犀(Melilotus officinalis)与赖草(Leymus secalinus)混合青贮,通过青贮品质的比较,寻求最佳青贮比例。试验设4个处理,A组黄花草木犀青贮(对照组),B组2/3黄花草木犀+1/3赖草青贮,C组1/2黄花草木犀+1/2赖草青贮,D组1/3黄花草木犀+2/3赖草青贮。青贮后60 d启封,测定青贮发酵品质。结果表明:黄花草木犀与赖草混合青贮和对照组相比极显著的降低了氨态氮、乙酸和丁酸含量(P<0.01),显著降低了丙酸含量(P<0.05),改善了青贮饲料的发酵品质,其中D组乳酸含量极显著高于其他3组(P<0.01),pH为4.27;混合青贮中的NDF和ADF含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),以D组NDF、ADF、WSC、EE和Ash含量最高;在各项评分中混合青贮等级均高于黄花草木犀青贮,D组评分均为最高。从青贮发酵品质及饲料利用角度出发,1/3黄花草木犀+2/3赖草混合青贮为最适比例,青贮效果最好。

The aim of this study is to find out the optimum mixing ratio of Melilotus officinalis and Leymus secalinus as the raw materials for mixed silage making by evaluating the silage quality of 4 treatments（ Group A,M. officinalis silage as the control; Group B,2/3 M. officinalis ＋ 1/3 L. secalinus; Group C,1/2 M. officinalis ＋ 1/2 L. secalinus; Group D,1/3 M. officinalis ＋ 2/3 L. secalinus）. The fermentation quality was tested after 60 days. The results showed that the contents of NH3-N,acetic acid and butyric acid in mixed silage were significantly decreased（ P〈0. 01） and the content of propionic acid as well（ P〈0. 05）. The content of lactic acid in group D was significantly higher than the other 3groups（ P〈0. 01）,and its pH value was 4. 27. The contents of neutral detergent fiber（ NDF） and acid detergent fiber（ ADF） in the mixed silage were significantly higher than the control（ P〈0. 05）,and the contents of NDF,ADF,WSC,EE and Ash in group D were the highest. The mixed silage was better than M. officinalis silage in terms of all evaluation indicators. Group D showed the best performance and the treatment of 1/3 M. officinalis ＋ 2/3 L. secalinus was the best ratio considering both the fermentation quality and the application.