职业技能培训与新生代农民工收入增长——基于倾向得分匹配模型的分析

Vocational Training and Income Growth on New Generation Migrant Workers:Based on the Propensity Score Matching Methods

新生代农民工逐渐成为农民工的主力。基于全国农村固定观察点6 704个有外出务工经历的新生代农民工就业数据,通过采用倾向得分匹配(PSM)模型,纠正以往模型未能有效解决的样本自我选择偏误问题,测算职业技能培训对新生代农民工外出务工收入的影响。在充分保证匹配质量的基础上,实证分析结果表明,新生代农民工日均工资因为接受职业技能培训而增加3.157元到3.484元,月工资增幅大约为5.9%。这说明中国实施的农民工职业技能培训项目取得了较好的成效。同时,研究结果还表明,职业技能培训对具有初中及以下学历的新生代男性农民工收入的促进作用更强,因此,建议相关部门在进行新一轮职业技能培训项目设计时,应该更多关注这类群体。

The new generation migrant workers have become the main part of migrant workers in China. This paper utilizes cross-sectional employment data of 6704 new generation migrant workers, collected by Research Center for Rural Economy in 2010, to evaluate the effect of vocational training on the new generation migrant workers income growth. In order to reduce self-selection bias in past literature, this study uses propensity score matching methods. Based on high matching quality, we find that vocational training significantly increases the new generation migrant workers income, the increase ranges from 3. 157 to 3. 484 yuan per day and the growth rate is about 5. 9% per month. It shows that the vocational training programs have achieved satisfied results. At the same time, the results also point that vocational training program lead to sufficient income growth for lower education level groups. Therefore, we advise that the government pay more attention to them, when designing new training programs.