氮素供应对不同类型玉米品种籽粒灌浆特性的影响

Effects of Grain-filling Characteristics of Maize Varieties With Different Nitrogen Responses Under Nitrogen Supply

通过3个氮素梯度(0 kg/hm^2、112 kg/hm^2、225 kg/hm^2)设置,对两个不同氮反应类型的玉米品种进行籽粒灌浆期特性分析,结果表明:1.随着氮素梯度提高,氮敏感型品种TY58产量增加显著,氮迟钝型品种ZD958中高氮水平增产不显著;2.氮素梯度变化对籽粒干质量影响趋势基本一致,于授粉后16~25 d达到籽粒灌浆速率最高水平。低氮条件下氮迟钝型品种灌浆快速期提前;3.对籽粒脱水速率、籽粒品质指标影响不大,但对氮素积累影响有差异,表现为氮敏感品种低氮处理下(N0)氮素积累速率前高后大幅降低,下降幅度大于中高氮处理水平(N1、N2);氮迟钝型品种灌浆前期,氮积累速率为中高氮水平大于低氮水平,灌浆后期速率为低氮水平大于中高氮水平。

The grain-filling characteristics of two maize varieties with different nitrogen responses were analyzed by three nitrogen levels(0 kg/hm^2,112 kg/hm^2,225 kg/hm^2).The results showed that:1.With the increase of nitrogen level,the yield of nitrogen-sensitive cultivar TY58 increased significantly,while that of nitrogen-retarded cultivar ZD958 was not significant.2.The effects on grain dry weight were consistent as nitrogen variation,and the highest grain filling rate was at 16 ~ 25 days after pollination,The rapid filling stage of nitrogen-retarded cultivars in low nitrogen condition was in advance; 3.The nitrogen levels had no significant effect on grain dehydration rate and grain quality,but had a significant effect on nitrogen accumulation,the result showed that the nitrogen accumulation rate of nitrogen-sensitive cultivar was increased in front but then rapid reduced at low nitrogen level(N0),and the decrease was greater than that of medium and high nitrogen treatments(N1、N2); at the early grain filling stage,The nitrogen accumulation rate of medium and high nitrogen levels were higher than that of low nitrogen level,but the rate of low nitrogen was higher than that of medium and high nitrogen at the late grain filling stage.