化控栽培技术对玉米抗倒性和产量的影响

The Effects of Lodging Resistance and Yield on Maize Chemical Regulation Cultivation Techniques

试验以玉米杂交种丹玉336为材料,研究不同种植密度下化学调控对玉米抗倒性及产量影响,结果表明:密度在75 000株/hm^2的化控处理产量最高,达13 736.6 kg/hm^2,高于60 000株/hm^2条件下的常规种植产量;在75 000株/hm^2和90 000株/hm^2密度下同密度水平内比较,化控和常规种植产量均达到极显著差异;在75 000株/hm^2密度下,常规种植的丹玉336发生38.5%的倒伏,而化控处理的玉米没有倒伏;在90 000株/hm^2密度下,常规种植的丹玉336发生84.6%的严重倒伏,而化控处理的玉米倒伏在35.8%,相比之下减少48.8%,说明在中高密条件下,化控处理能够有效降低株高、穗位和重心高度,可在一定程度上优化株型、改善茎秆质量性状、增强抗倒伏能力,从而增强了田间通风透光能力、提高光合能力和干物质积累量,实现玉米增产。

Danyu336 was chose as material to study the effects of chemical regulation on maize lodging resist-ance and yield under different density. The results showed that highest yield was up to 13 736. 6 kg/ha in the density of 75 000 plants/ha under the condition of chemical regulation, the yield was more than the convention-al planting in the 75 000 plants/ha density,the yield presented significant differences between chemical regula-tion with conventional planting in the plant density of 75 000 plants/ha and 90 000 plants/ha. It’s happened lodging rates 38. 5% under the density of 75 000 plants/ha by conventional planting while the chemical regu-lation wan not; serious lodging rates 84.6% by conventional planting under the density of 90 000 plants/ha, but the chemical regulation was only at 35. 8% , compared with 48. 8% less. It showed that chemical regula-tion could effectively reduce the plant height, ear height and the height of the center of gravity, optimizing plant type, to a certain extent, improve the quality of stem traits, enhance the capacity of resistance to lodging, enhance the capacity of the field ventilation pervious to light, improve photosynthetic ability and the accumula-tion of dry matter production under mid-high density condition.