桥梁船撞的非线性有限元数值分析

Non-linear Finite Element Numerical Analysis on Ship-bridge Collision

介绍了几种常用的船桥碰撞力计算公式。以某实际工程为研究对象,建立起3 000t代表船舶撞击桥梁的非线性有限元模型。采用LS-DYNA软件计算了船舶在4 m/s冲击速度下与桥墩的碰撞力时间历程,将最大碰撞力计算结果与经验计算公式进行了对比研究;并分析了船速、撞深、能量转化、结构变形和应力等特征。结果表明:船桥碰撞有限元模型可完整的再现船舶撞击桥梁的全过程,碰撞力按各经验公式计算离散性较大,船桥碰撞的损伤具有局部性。

Some frequently used formulas for ship-bridge collision force are introduced.Taking a practical engineering for research objects, a non-linear finite element model for 3 000 t ship-bridge collision is built.Based on LS-DYNA software platform, the course of ship with velocity 4 m/s hit a bridge is simulated, time history of impact force is analyzed;the comparison studies of the maximum impact force induced by FEM method and empirical formulas are performed.The characteristics of the ship＇s speed, penetration, energy transformation, and structural deformation and stress are also investigated.The results show that the whole process of ship-bridge collision can completely reconstruct by non-linear finite element model.The collision forces calculated according to the empirical formulas have relatively large discretion.The damage during ship-bridge collision is localized.