基于E-NCAP的6岁儿童乘员损伤防护研究

A Study on Injury Protection of 6 Years Old Child Occupant Based on E-NCAP

2016版欧洲新车评价规程(E-NCAP)将后排Q系列6岁儿童假人的损伤值作为儿童保护部分的评分依据,对车辆安全性提出了新的要求。本文中建立了某已开发车型的儿童乘员约束系统仿真模型,并利用C-NCAP试验数据对其有效性进行了验证。根据E-NCAP中的正面40%偏置碰撞和侧面碰撞要求进行了仿真。通过两种碰撞工况下乘员约束系统参数灵敏度分析,选出对儿童乘员损伤影响显著的参数作为优化变量,以儿童损伤综合评价指标WIC最小化为优化目标,采用Kriging算法创建的响应面模型和遗传算法进行参数优化。结果表明,优化后约束系统能有效降低儿童乘员损伤值,正面偏置碰撞得分提高了9.4%,侧面碰撞得分提高了67.9%。

The 2016 version of European New Car Assessment Program （E-NCAP） takes the injury severity of Q series 6 years old child dummy as the scoring criteria for children protection, which proposes new requirements on vehicle safety. In this paper, a simulation model for the child occupant restraint system of a vehicle developed is established, with its effectiveness verified by C-NCAP test data, and simulations are conducted according to the re-quirements of both frontal 40% overlap offset impact and side impact in E-NCAP . Then parameter optimization is performed by using Kriging response surface model and genetic algorithm, with the parameters significantly affecting child occupant injury selected by sensitivity analysis as optimization variables and minimizing the weighted injury criterion for child occupant as optimization objective. The results indicate that the restraint system optimized can ef-fectively reduce the injury severity of child occupant, with the overall E-NCAP score rises by 9. 4% for frontal im-pact and 67. 9% for side impact.