伏尔泰哲理小说的哲学寓意

On the Philosophical Meaning of the Novels by Voltaire

伏尔泰哲理小说的哲学寓意,是要阐发世界的因果律、社会的目的性,以及人类能够认识世界的因果律、实现社会的目的性。为此,伏尔泰的哲理小说需要说明世界的因果律体现为自然法则,社会的目的性体现为历史规律,它们都具有不以人的主观善良意愿为转移的必然性,其中包含着善与恶的复杂辩证关系,这种辩证关系显现了人类抽象思维与具体实践的复杂辩证关系,决定了人类社会历史从低级往高级的螺旋式发展进步。

The philosophical meaning of the novels by Voltaire is to explain the universal rule and the social destination,to declare the human ability to find the rule and reach the destination. For the reason,Voltaire has to illustrate that the natural law embodied the universal rule and the historical law embodied the social destination,and both the natural and the historical laws show a necessity without depending any goodwill and containing dialectical relations of good and evil,reflecting the dialectical relations between abstract thought and concrete practice,and determining the historical spiral development from the low to the high phase.