《开罗宣言》与朝鲜独立

The Cairo Declaration and Korea Independence

1910年,朝鲜沦为日本的殖民地。朝鲜人民反对日本的殖民统治。大韩民国临时政府是朝鲜独立运动的代表。中国国民政府资助朝鲜独立运动,第二次世界大战给朝鲜独立带来新的机遇。1943年11月,罗斯福总统、蒋介石委员长、丘吉尔首相在开罗举行会议,发表声明。三大盟国稔知朝鲜人民所受之奴隶待遇,决定在相当时期,使朝鲜自由和独立。《开罗宣言》是反法西斯同盟发表的最重要的国际文件之一。1945年日本投降后,朝鲜半岛南北分治。美军在仁川登陆,建立军政府。1951年9月8日,《旧金山对日和约》签署,日本承认朝鲜独立。

Korea became a Japanese colony in 1910. Most people in Korea never observed Japanese rule. The provisional government of Republic of Korea was regarded as the embodiment of Korean independence movement against Japanese colonial oppression. The national government of China supported the independent movement of Korea. The World War Two brought Koreans one new opportunity to realize the independence of Korea. President Roosevelt,Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and Prime Minister Churchill,completed a conference in Cairo in November,1943. The aforesaid three great powers,mindful of the enslavement of the people of Korea,were determined that in due course Korea should become free and independent. The Cairo Declaration was one of the most important international documents drafted by the ally against fascism. After the unconditional surrender of Japan to the allied powers,division at the 38 th parallel marked the beginning of the North and South Korea respectively. U. S. forces landed at Incheon in September,1945,and established a military government. According to San Francisco Peace Treaty,which was signed on September 8,1951,Japan recognized the independence of Korea.