明代青弋江流域佛教系统初探——以寺院的时空分布为中心

A Preliminary Study on the Buddhism System in the Qingyijiang River Basin during Ming Dynasty:with the Center for the Temporal and Spatial Distribution of the Buddhism Temple

青弋江流域是广义江南的重要组成部分,明朝时期流域内佛教稳定发展。通过对方志资料为中心的数据统计,我们可以发现,明代青弋江流域内寺院的新建、重修呈现出较为明显的时空差异。在新建寺院方面,时间上集中于洪武、万历、崇祯三朝,空间上则以宣城所在的中游地区为核心;在重修寺院方面,时间上以正统之前居多,空间上仍以宣城、泾县较为集中。宣城、泾县成为明代青弋江流域佛教发展的中心地区,与其悠久的佛教传统、良好的佛教基础以及较高的社会经济发展水平密切相关。

Qingyijiang River basin was an important part of the general Jiangnan area; the Buddhism has a steadily developing in this region during Ming Dynasty. By analyzing the statistical data which come from the local chronicles,we could find that the establishment and re-establishment situation of Buddhism temples in this basin during Ming Dynasty show significant differences both temporally and spatially. These Buddhism temples was mainly established in the periods of Hongwu,Wanli and Chongzhen emperor while spatially collecting in the middle reaches,especially in Xuancheng. The re-establishment of these Buddhism temples was gathered before the period of Zhengtong emperor and predominantly spatially concentrated in Xuancheng and Jingxian. The research of in this paper shows that Xuancheng and Jingxian were the geographical center of the Buddhism in Qingyijiang River basin during Ming Dynasty. This phenomenon has a close relation with their long Buddhistic tradition,superior social basis of the Buddhism and higher standard of social economy.