考虑时间维的城市公交专用道布局优化模型

Optimization Model to Locate Exclusive Urban Bus Lanes Considering Time Dimensionality

针对一定规划时段内的城市公交专用道布局方案及时序安排,从公交专用道布设规划与建设实践以及路网需求的动态变化入手,利用网络优化方法提出了考虑时间维的公交专用道网络布局双层优化模型.该模型的上层模型是以最大化路网消费者剩余为目标的公交专用道网络布局设计决策,下层模型是以最小广义出行成本为目标的小汽车和公交车客流分配模型,并用遗传算法求解.文中还通过算例分析验证了该双层优化模型的有效性与实用性,以及考虑时间维的专用道网络布局方案相较于单一分阶段公交专用道布局方案的优越性.结果表明,文中建立的模型能够同时优化公交专用道的布局方案及建设时序.

Aiming at the location and construction sequence approach of exclusive urban bus lanes in a certain planning period, this paper analyzes the location and construction practice as well as the dynamic change of realistic demands, and establishes a time-dependent bi-level optimization model to locate exclusive bus lanes. The upper level of the proposed model is a locating model to maximize the total consumer surplus in the whole road network, and the lower level is an allocation model of cars and buses to minimize the generalized travel cost. Then, with the help of genetic algorithm, the mentioned problem is solved. Moreover, a case study is performed to verify the effec-tiveness and practicability of the established bi-level model and to reveal the superiority of the proposed approach considering time dimensionality to the simply-phased sequential approach. The results show that the established model can simultaneously optimize the location and construction sequence of exclusive bus lanes.