一株石油烃高效降解菌的筛选及降解性能研究

Screening of a high efficient bacterial strain for petroleum hydrocarbons degradation and its characteristics

经原油-培养基驯化、LB平板分离、原油固体培养基平板嗜油斑分析,从含油泥砂中分离筛选出能够降解石油烃的菌株。经形态观察及16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定,该菌株属于枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),该菌株具有较高的石油烃降解能力。将10 m L该菌液用于处理5 g含油泥砂,7 d后石油烃降解率达33.52%,90 d后达90.61%。在定期补加营养液的条件下,60 d后石油烃降解率可达90.98%,大大缩短了处理时间。处理后泥砂含油率0.28%,低于国家农用土壤含油率0.3%的标准。该菌株在油田产出含油泥砂及被原油污染土壤的修复方面具有良好的应用前景。

Domestication by using base oil-inorganic salt culture medium,separation with Luria-Bertani( LB) plate and oil stain analysis,and a bacterial strain for petroleum hydrocarbons degradation was separated and screened from oily sludge. Morphologic observation and 16 Sr RNA gene sequence identification indicated that it belonged to Bacillus subtilis with high ability to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. Treating 5 g oily sludge by using 10 m L bacteria liquid,the petroleum hydrocarbons degradation rate achieved 33. 52% and 90. 61% separately after 7 d and 90 d. If nutrient solution was regularly supplied,the degradation rate would increased to 90. 98% after 60 d with an obviously shortened time.The oil content of the sludge was 0. 28%,lower than the limiting value 0. 3% in the national standard of agricultural soil.This bacterial strain showed a good application prospect for the treatment of oily sludge and remediation of soil contaminated by crude oil.