黄骅地区水—土系统地球化学环境健康风险评估

Health risk assessment of geochemical environment in the water and soil system of Huanghua region

对黄骅地区土壤、粮食籽实(小麦、玉米)及饮用水中出现严重污染的元素进行风险分析和风险评估,划分风险管理分区并提出相应管理措施。笔者结合土壤、粮食籽实(小麦、玉米)及饮用水样品中超标元素,综合分析后选取Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb、Zn、As、Ni、F、I、Se、Cr共11种重点元素作为风险评估的指标,建立人体单位体重日均食用暴露剂量模型(CDI),并采用风险商值法进行风险等级划分,并将多种元素的风险区域合并叠加形成风险管理分区。结果显示,黄骅地区11个评估指标中F的风险系数HQ值全部大于1,I的HQ值大于1的样品占52%,Pb只有一个样品的HQ值大于1,其他元素的HQ值全区均小于1。水土综合高风险区主要出现在黄骅西南部常郭—旧城—羊二庄一带,次高风险区为北部齐家务、南排河,风险主要由地下水引起。

To analyze and evaluate the risk of the serious pollution of the elements in soil,grain and water of Huanghua region,the authors delimited the risk management zoning and put forward the countermeasures.According to the elements that exceed the standards in soil,grain and water,the authors selected eleven primary elements as indicators,which were Cd,Cu,Hg,Pb,Zn,As,Ni,F,I,Se,and Cr.The exposure dose model based on daily human intake of unit weight(CDI) was developed,and the risk level was graded by risk quotient method.The risk management zoning was delimited by superimposing risk areas of indicators.The results show that the HQ values of F are all higher than 1 in eleven indicators.The HQ values of I that are higher than 1 reaches 52%.The HQ values of the elements are almost all smaller than 1 except for Pb:only one Pb sample has HQ value higher than 1.The comprehensive high-risk areas are located in the southwest of Huanghuain Changguo-Jiucheng-Yangerzhuang area,and the second high-risk areas are located in the north of Qijiawu and Nanpai River,with the risk caused by groundwater.