高级农业生产合作社的成立与瓦解——以河北省为中心

The Building and Disintegration of Advanced Agricultural Cooperative Team——Taking He Bei Province as a Case Study

新中国成立初,经过土地改革、农业集体化等政策的实施,农村原有的土地、财产所有关系、村落秩序都在发生变动,高级合作社短期内急速地被推进。梳理史料和剖析案例可以看到,当时也有不少以村落为单位联合上级、他村做出积极对抗的情况,甚至农民的分社要求被报告上级,但这种以村为单位积极抵抗的现象在基层社会并非普遍存在。在土改、初级社时期已经发生了社会变化,高级社化的推进比初级社进行得快,因此基层社会无法抵抗上级关于高级社化的方针。此后,在人民公社时期,因为上级对基层社会的干涉加强,村落已经不能做出这种抵抗。

After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, through the land reform and collectivization of agriculture, the original lanf and property relationship changed. The process of agricultural high-level cooperation was qucikly promoted.Through the analysis of history materials and cases, the situation that villages put forward different oponions to this process emerges.The appeals of local society were even reported to superiors.However,this situation didn't exist generally in local society.At that time, society changed. The promotion of high-level cooperative is quicker than low-level cooperative.Therefore,the local society didn't have the ability to resist the order of superiors to set up high-level cooperative.Then,at the time of people's commune,villages couldn't resist owning to the superiors enhance control to local society.