韩国社会企业扶持弱势群体的路径及启示

The Path and Enlightenment to Assist the Vulnerable Groups from Social Enterprise in South Korea

社会企业是以商业手段来解决社会问题的社会组织,是介于公益与营利之间的企业形态。它的诞生标志着以国家为主的福利制度开始面向社会各界,体现了充分激活与社会合作的积极福利的能动性。韩国社会企业模式为有效地完善国家福利制度,保障弱势群体的权益,激活社会非政府组织,促进"能动社会"的构建,使弱势群体从国家被动保护,转变为社会主动完善的经验,为延边朝鲜族自治州政府和社会各界帮扶弱势群体提供了新的路径。面对体制改革国有煤矿和林业改制导致的职工下岗分流形势,伴随出国劳务带来的空巢老人、留守儿童及残疾人等边缘群体,如何借鉴韩国社会企业的成功经验、运营模式及服务理念,不仅在国家福利政策层面、社会各界的参与层面,而且在弱势群体提高自身的"造血功能"层面都具有应用价值。

Social enterprise is a social organization to solve social issues by means of business. It is a kind of enterprise form between public welfare and profit. Its creation indicates that the national welfare system begins to face the society, and reflects the initiative to fully activate the positive benefits of social cooperation. The social enterprise model in Korea is designed to improve national welfare system, protect the rights and interests of disadvantaged groups, activate the non-governmental organizations, and promote the construction of ＂active society＂. This model will provide a new channel for Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture Government and the community to help disadvantaged groups. Facing the reform of state owned coal mines and forestry industry, the situation of laid-off workers, empty nest elderly, left behind children and the disabled caused by overseas labor, the model has application value in terms of national welfare policy, social participation, and the ability of disadvantaged groups to improve their own livelihood.