2011-2015年浙江省宁波市江东区手足口病轻症病例的病原学监测分析

Etiological analysis of mild cases of hand,foot and mouth disease in Jiangdong district of Ningbo city,Zhejiang province,2011-2015

目的分析宁波市江东区手足口病(Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)轻症病例病原学特征。方法对2011-2015年宁波市江东区391例HFMD轻症临床诊断病例进行个案调查,并采集粪便标本开展肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)检测。结果 391份HFMD轻症病例EV阳性率为77.75%(304/391),其中肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus71,EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsakievirus A16,CA16)、EV71和CA16、其他EV阳性率分别为18.67%、19.95%、0.77%、38.36%(x^2=101.43,P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析发现,有与HFMD病例接触史、发病0-5d采样、第2季度发病的病例EV阳性率高,分别为93.83%、80.06%、90.67%。结论江东区HFMD优势病毒不断发生变化,应针对不同病原体、重点人群采取HFMD防控措施。

Objective To determine the etiology of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Jiangdong district of Ningbo city. Methods We investigated 391 mild HFMD cases in Jiangdong that were reported between 2011 and 2015, and collected stool samples for detection of enterovirus （EV）. Results Among the 391 mild HFMD cases, the EV positivity rate was 77.75% （304/391）. The positivity rates for enterovirus 71 （EV71）, coxsackievirus A16 （CA16） , EV71 and CA16, and other EV were 18.67%, 19. 95%, 0. 77%, and 38.36% （x2 = 101.43, P 〈0. 001 ）, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the EV positivity rates were higher among cases with history of contact with HFMD patients, sample collection 0-5d after onset, and onset date in the second quarter of the year： 93.83 %, 80. 06%, and 90. 67%, respectively. Conclusions The predominant EV of HFMD varied by year in Jiangdong. Prevention and control measures for HFMD should be focused on several pathogens and priority populations.