不同含硫物料对盐碱地的改良效果

Improvement Effect of Different Sulfur Bearing Material on Saline-alkali Soil

针对大同盆地中部的苏打盐化土,采用脱硫石膏、硫酸亚铁、硫磺、硫酸铝改良剂的不同施用量进行田间小区试验,研究了改良剂对土壤pH值、电导率(EC)和生物量的影响,通过这些指标来分析和比较改良效果。结果表明,在这4种含硫物料的不同量级上,脱硫石膏降低pH值效果最好,其对土壤pH值降低范围在0.71~1.25,最大降低幅度达到12.4%;其次是硫酸亚铁;硫磺和硫酸铝对pH值的降低效果不显著。施用脱硫石膏后EC值上升最大,但经过淋洗,最终会下降。饲草玉米的相对产量由大到小依次是脱硫石膏>硫酸铝>硫酸亚铁>硫磺。通过试验发现,在试验区域施用脱硫石膏33.75 t/hm^2能有效降低土壤pH值,改善土壤理化性质,增加饲草玉米生物量,改良效果最佳。

Aiming at soda- saline soil in Shanxi Datong basin, different dosage of desulphurization gypsum, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate and sulfur were used as modified material, field experiment was conducted, and soil pH, electrical conductivity （EC） and crop biomass were measured. According to these indexes, the improvement effects of these soil conditioner were discussed. The result showed that in the different order of the 4 kinds of sulfur containing materials, the pH value of desulphurization gypsum was the best, and the range of pH value of soil was reduced from 0.71 to 1.25, and the maximum reduction rate was up to 12.4%. Followed by ferrous sulfate, sulfur and aluminum sulfate had no significant effect on the reduction of pH value. The desulphurization gypsum application resulted in soil EC increased, but after leaching, eventually declined. The relative yield of forage maize from large to small in turn was desulphurization gypsum 〉 aluminum sulfate 〉 ferrous sulfate 〉 sulfur. The experimental research found that in the test area, desulphurization gypsum in the application of 33.75 t/hm^2 could effectively reduce soil pH value, improve the soil physicochemical properties and increase the biomass of forage maize, and the improvement effect was the best.