负压引流技术治疗大鼠股骨骨髓炎的实验研究

Experimental study of vacuum sealing drainage for treatment of rat femoral osteomyelitis

目的探讨负压引流技术(VSD)在大鼠股骨骨髓炎动物模型上的治疗效果,为VSD在临床上的应用提供前期的基础性实验研究。方法首先将金黄色葡萄球菌注射至大鼠股骨骨髓内复制大鼠股骨骨髓炎模型。然后待模型制备成功后,将大鼠均分为5组,分别为VSD治疗1、3、5和7 d组,以及模型组,VSD组采用VSD进行治疗,模型组进行普通的换药治疗。最后通过大体观察、体温、创面细菌计数,确定VSD负压治疗大鼠股骨骨髓炎的效果。结果造模过程中大鼠体温上升,体重下降,精神萎靡、进食减少,双下肢活动不便,感染局部红肿,1周后伤口局部出现渗液、流脓。经过VSD治疗后小鼠体温回复正常,创面无分泌物,并且随着治疗时间的延长,创面细菌数显著减少,且变得干燥、颜色红润,新鲜肉芽生长良好。结论金黄色葡萄球菌复制大鼠股骨骨髓炎模型成功,成功率为90%;VSD负压引流治疗效果非常显著。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of vacuum sealing drainage （VSD） for treatment of rat femur osteomyelitis and to provide an initial reference for its clinical application. Methods To prepare femur osteomyelitis model, Staphylococcus aureus was injected into the femoral bone marrow of rats. After the model was successfully established, the rats were divided into five groups including 1-day, 3-day, 5-day and 7-day VSD treatment groups and model group. The VSD treatment groups were treated with vacuum sealing drainage, and the model group were treated with ordinary dressing therapy. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of VSD treatment on rat femur osteomyefitis was evaluated by gross observation, body temperature, and wound bacterial counts. Results In the process of modeling, the rats demonstrated significantly-increased body temperature, obviously-decreased body weight, listlessness, reduced diet, difficulty of lower limb movement, local redness and swelling, and infection. A week later, local wound started to excrete exudate and pus. After VSD treatment, the body temperature of the rats returned to normal, the wound did not have secretions. With the prolongation of treatment time, the number of bacteria in the wound dramatically decreased, the wound became dry with ruddy color, and the fresh granulation tissue grew well. Conclusions The model of femoral osteomyelitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus has been successfully prepared, the success rate of modeling reaches 90%. The treatment effect of VSD is very significant.