中国城市专业化特征及其解释

On Urban Specialization of Chinese Cities

城市专业化水平与城市发展水平紧密相关。本文区分了城市相对专业化和绝对专业化的内涵及度量方法,并考察了城市职能专业化情况,利用中国地级市以上城市数据,研究了中国城市各类专业化指标的特征。研究发现:相对专业化指标与城市规模和收入水平均存在U形关系;绝对专业化指标与城市规模之间显著负相关,与收入水平显著正相关;职能专业化系数与城市规模之间显著正相关,城市群的职能分工非常显著,职能专业化系数与城市行政级别显著相关。最后,本文从城市(群)分工和专业化的视角,提出统筹中国城市空间、规模、产业三大结构的建议。

Urban specialization has a significant correlation with urban development stages. This article distinguishes the connotation and measurement between the relative specialization and the absolute specialization, and also studies the functional specialization, and then studies the characteristics of the Chinese urban specialization types using the data from China＇s 284 cit- ies. The results indicate that the relative specialization index shows a u-shaped pattern with the urban size and the income per year. The absolute specialization index has a significant negative correlation with urban size, and shows a significant positive correlation with the income level. Functional specialization has more a significant positive correlation with the urban size, and functional division of labor in urban agglomeration is very significant, and the value of functional specialization is associated with the administrative levels of cities. Finally, this article puts forward the overall strategy for coordinating the spatial, scale and industry structures.