宋以来典型致使义处置类型的来源和发展

Source and Development of the Typical Causative Disposal Construction in Chinese since the Song Dynasty

典型致使义处置式萌芽于唐朝,初步发展于宋朝,元代之后就进入了高速发展的时期。它从"VP+N"提宾类推而来,有两种来源形式:一种,其VP为表使动意味的心理活动动词,扩展至其他类型的动词;一种,其VP部分是表"消亡"、"残损"等意味的状态动词或形容词。两种情况的VP原本皆可表使动,因其指向的两可性而产生重新分析,并因N1的变化而最终使得歧义消失而确立其"致使义"。

The typical causative disposal structure appeared in the Tang Dynasty,experiencing primary development in the Song dynasty and rapid development in the Yuan Dynasty. It emerged by analogy from the ' VP + N' structure and had two forms: one was motion-causing mental action verbs which could be extended to include other types of verbs; the other is state verbs or adjectives signifying'demise'or'damage'. Both types of VP structures could originally signify'causative',but as a result of their ambiguity in meaning direction,and also because of the variation of N1,the ambiguity disappeared and only the'causative'meaning was established.