刺槐树洞悬土可培养真菌群落组成及其多样性分析

Community composition and diversity of culturable fungi from the soil suspended in tree holes of Robinia pseudoacacia

结合形态特征与分子鉴定,分析贵州贵阳花溪刺槐"树洞悬土"和其对应地下土样中可培养真菌的群落组成。结果表明,树洞悬土中共分离得到真菌7属19种315株,其中普通青霉Penicillium commune为优势种,相对多度为81.11%;地下土壤共分离到真菌6属18种156株,优势种也是普通青霉,但相对多度仅为24.93%。树洞悬土中的真菌数量明显高于地下土,并且二者在真菌种群的多样性水平上也存在一定差异,树洞悬土的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H=0.8291,Simpson优势度指数D=0.3373,Pielou均匀度指数J=0.2815,Margalef丰富度指数R=1.3300,均低于地下土。同时在树洞悬土中分离到一些独特真菌,如小克银汉霉Cunninghamella elegans、帚状刺壳霉Chaetopyrena penicillata和雪白腐殖霉Humicola nivea。刺槐树洞悬土和对应地下土壤真菌群落的相似性较低(Cj=0.2300)。

The community of culturable fungi from the soil suspended in in Huaxi District, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, was studied by tree holes of Robinio pseudoacocia and subsurface so combining phenotypic characteristics and molecular identification. In total, 315 fungal isolates were obtained from the soil suspended in the tree holes, belonging to 19 species in seven genera. Penicillium commune was dominant, and its relative abundance was 81.11% of the total isolates. Totally 156 isolates belonging to 18 species in six genera were obtained in subsurface soil. It was indicated that the fungal quantity in the soil suspended of tree holes was obviously more than that in subsurface soil. Although Penicillium commune was also dominant n the subsurface soil, its relative abundance was only 24.93% of the total isolates. Indexes of fungal diversity in the so suspended, （R=1.3300）, penicillata, of statistica ncluding Shanon-Wiener index （H=0.8291）, Simpson index （D=0.3373）, Pielou index （J=0.2815） and Margalef index were lower than those in subsurface soil. Some unique fungi, such as Cunninghamella elegans, Chaetopyrena and Humicola nivea, were isolated from the soil suspended in tree holes, but not from the subsurface soil. By means analysis, the similarity coefficient between the soil suspended in tree holes and subsurface soil was low （Cj=0.2300）