民族意识、正邪对立与道德伦理之间的悖论--金庸经典武侠小说的一种哲学阐释

On the Paradox Between National Consciousness and the Opposites of Good and Evil and the Morality--A Philosophical Interpretation of Jin Yong's Classic Chivalrous Novels

民族意识和正邪对立与道德伦理之间的悖论是金庸武侠小说中的主题。民族意识是大汉民族与少数民族对立的意识,正邪表现为是非善恶的二元价值设定,它们都是统治者为维护社会秩序和政治统治设计的道德伦理中的一部分。通过对小说中民族意识和正邪对立与道德伦理的契合与背离的诸多形态的展开和分析,得出金庸解决这一悖论的途径,要么是文本中人物自身走向灭亡,要么是人物自身进入道德伦理之中又从道德伦理中隐身而去,要么是本来就超然于道德伦理之外,不在其规定的尺度内行动与言说。这意味着作为事物自身固有的对立统一形态的悖论仍然存在,并没有被消除,因为唯一能够消除悖论的是消除事物本身。没有了道德伦理本身,就没有了悖论。从这个意义上讲,金庸没有完成和实现超越悖论。

The paradox between national consciousness and the opposites of good and evil and the moral ethics is the theme of Jin Youg＇s chivalrous novels. National consciousness is the conscious of ethnic opposites of Han and minority, good and evil appear to be posited by two-fold value such as true and false, kind and vice, and so forth, both of which are a part of the social orders and political ethics designed by rulers. According to the promotion and the analysis of the national consciousness and the opposites of good and evil and the morality which are performed in many morphologies in terms of deviation and accordance, we can come into conclusion that Jin Yong^s solution to the paradoxes is either let the characters be taken away their lives, or let the characters go into the moral ethics and away from it again and hidden themselves somewhere that nobody can find, or let them never go into the morality, and never take their activities and speech in this measure. This implies that the paradox, as the inherent unity of opposites of the thing itself, still exists and has not been eliminated. Because the only thing that can eliminate the paradox is the elimination of ethics. Without ethics, there is no paradox. In this sense, Jin Yong does not complete and make the paradox beyond successfully.