明初应制文学的承与变——以宋濂、郑棠为例

The Change of Imperially Assigned Literature in the Early Ming Dynasty

明初洪武至永乐年间,应制文学在统治者的直接影响下发生鲜明的变化,朱元璋持有高度实用主义的文学观,朱棣则借助文学宣扬自身皇位的合法继承权。宋濂及其门人郑棠分别体现了这两个阶段的应制文学风貌。由二者对比可见:其一,洪武年间的应制文学歌颂与劝谕并存,至永乐年间则颂扬之声渐长而规谏之旨渐失;其二,应制文学打破"台阁之文"与"山林之文"的界限,实现了空间泛衍,并推动"台阁体"的成型。郑棠的作品显露出馆阁文人的精神自处与吏隐矛盾。

During the Hongwu and Yongle period of Ming dynasty, imperially assigned literature changed obviously under theinfluence of emperors. Song Lian and Zheng Tang represent different styles of these two period. From Hongwu to Yongle, theallegorical meaning of imperially assigned literature gradually fades away while the flattering words occupy an increasingposition.At the same time, the ＂TaiGe＂ literature broke boundaries with that of recluses, and finally form the ＂Taigeti＂ Style.