说“瞧”——以江淮官话舒城方言为例

On Qiao in Shucheng Dialect Jianghuai Madarin

方言词"瞧"在江淮官话中既可作实义动词,又可作尝试貌助词,两种用法存在着内在联系。文献显示,"瞧"的尝试貌用法由动词用法衍生而来,"瞧"语义上经历了:偷看(动词)→看(动词)→尝试义(助词)的演变过程;同时,句法位置则由位于NP之前发展到VP之后,语义和句法的共同作用促使"瞧"衍生出尝试义的助词用法,这一用法初现于清时北方口语并在汉语部分方言中沿用至今。

There is an inner correlation between the two functions of Qiao （ 瞧） as verb and as tentative auxiliary in JianghuaiMadarin. It showed in historical literatures that the tentative auxiliary function of Qiao（ 瞧 ） was evolved from the verb function. Qiao （ 瞧） experienced semantically change from peek（ verb ）via to look（ verb ）to tentative auxiliary. Meanwhile, the syntactic positionchanged from proceeding NP to locate after VP. The interaction of syntax and semantic caused the generation of tentative auxiliaryfunction of Qiao （ 瞧 ） . It first appeared in Qing dynasty in north China and has been used in some dialects ever since.