农村高血压患者治疗依从性及影响因素分析

Analysis of Treatment Compliance and Influencing Factors of Patients with Hypertension in Rural China

目的:了解农村高血压患者治疗依从性及影响因素。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,用自行编制的调查问卷对湖北省潜江市和重庆市黔江区的396名高血压患者进行现场调查。结果:农村高血压患者的药物治疗依从性为66.92%,控制饮食依从性为53.91%,适量运动依从性为42.18%。单因素分析结果显示不同性别、年龄、文化程度、经济条件、慢性病知识素养、最短就医时间、是否定期监测的高血压患者治疗依从性差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示文化程度、健康知识素养、是否定期监测对高血压患者药物治疗依从性和非药物治疗依从性均有影响,药物治疗依从性还受到患者年龄和最短就医时间的影响。结论:农村高血压患者治疗依从性不高,尤其是非药物治疗依从性较低。应提高村医慢性病随访频率,加强对高血压患者的健康教育,提高社会对高血压患者的关注度,从而提高高血压患者的健康知识素养、治疗依从性和控制水平。

Objective： To know the treatment compliance and influencing factors of patients with hypertension in rural China. Methods： Self-designed questionnaire survey were used to investigate 396 rural patients with hypertension selected through stratified and cluster sampling. Results： Hypertension patients＇ medication treatment compliance was 66.92%, control diet compliance was 53.91%, and moderate exercise compliance was 42.18% in rural China. Single factor analysis results shew that hypertension treatment compliance existing significant differences among the different gender, age, cultural degree, economic condition, chronic diseases knowledge accomplishment, the shortest time to visit a doctor, whether regular monitoring of patients with high blood pressure （P〈0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the degree of culture, whether health knowledge accomplishment, whether regular monitoring on blood pressure have influenced on both drug treatment compliance and non-drug treatment compliance of patients with hypertension. Additionally, the age of patients and the shortest time to visit a doctor have also affected drug treatment compliance. Conclusion： The hypertension treatment compliance is not high in rural China, especially for non-drug treatment compliance. Improving rural doctors＇ follow-up frequency, strengthening health education of patients with hypertension and improving the social attention of patients with hypertension are significantly important to improve the health knowledge literacy, treatment compliance and control level.