飞机自动钻铆技术研究现状及其关键技术

Research Status of Aircraft Automatic Drilling and Riveting System and Its Key Technology

飞机自动钻铆技术能够实现飞机机身、机翼等处壁板的自动钻铆装配,极大地提高飞机装配质量与装配效率。经过几十年的发展,自动钻铆技术在国外已广泛运用于航空航天制造领域,而国内在这一方面正处于起步阶段,技术水平普遍较低。为此调研国外先进自动钻铆技术的研究应用现状,以GEMCOR、Electroimpact、BROETJE三大国外自动钻铆设备供应商为代表,介绍各自技术特点及在自动钻铆技术方面最新的进展。同时,对国内自动钻铆技术的发展进行简要介绍,指出国内在这一技术发展中存在的问题。此外,对自动钻铆技术中包括高精度定位技术、制孔质量在线检测技术、自动送钉技术、离线编程与仿真技术在内的四大关键技术进行详细分析,总结其研究难点,为国内自动钻铆技术的发展提供参考。

Quality and effciency of fuselage and wings assembly can be improved signifcantly by using of auto-matic drilling and riveting technology. For decades now, this technique has been widely applied in aerospace manufactur-ing in foreign, while it’s just at beginning at home and the poor level for long time. So advanced foreign technologies are invested in this paper, taking GEMCOR, Electroimpact （EI）, BROETJE Automation as examples, their features and the latest development are introduced respectively. Meanwhile, the development of automatic drilling and riveting at home is also illustrated briefy, as well as the problems facing in this area. Moreover, the key technologies, including high precision positioning, hole inspection on-line, automatic fastener feeding, off-line programming and simulation are analyzed in detail, which provide reference for the development of automatic drilling and riveting technology at home.