超声预处理影响金枪鱼皮胶原酶解工艺及机理初探

The effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on hydrolysate of Tuna skin and study on its mechanism

以金枪鱼皮为原料,研究超声时间、超声功率、超声料液比等因素对酶解效果的影响;并从鱼皮胶原结构和酶解液分子量分布的角度分析了超声预处理提高酶解效率的原因。结果表明,超声预处理时间为20 min、功率为30%(195 W)、料液比为1∶15(g∶mL)时,水解度(DH)可达14.89%,羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量为0.046 g,比未处理组DH(4.90%)、Hyp含量(0.015 g)均有明显提高。傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)结果表明超声通过断裂金枪鱼皮胶原蛋白氢键,松散三螺旋结构,利于蛋白酶与胶原三螺旋区内部酶切位点的接触从而提高酶解效率。酶解液分子量分布对比显示未处理组10 kDa以下小分子量占45.62%,超声预处理后为88.67%,提高了94.36%。因此超声预处理促进了胶原三螺旋区的活性肽段的释放,为金枪鱼皮胶原小分子活性肽的高效开发奠定基础。

Using tuna skin as raw materials, the effects of ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power, and ultrasonic solid- liquid ratio on hydrolysate were studied. The collagen structure of tuna skin and the molecular weight of hydrolysate were determined to explain the reason why ultrasonic could improve hydrolysis. The results showed that when the ul- trasonic time was 20 min, ultrasonic power was 30% （195 W） , ultrasonic solid-liquid ratio was 1： 15, the hydrolysis degree was up to 14.89% , hydroxyproline content was 0. 046 g, which were significantly higher than those in the group without pretreatment . The results of FTIR showed that ultrasonic could break the structure of collagen efficient- ly. The peptides less than 10 kDa in ultrasonic pretreatment group accounted for 88.67% , while those in group with- out pretreatment accounted for 45.62%. Ultrasonic Pretreatment promote release of active peptide from triple helical of collagen, which has important implication for the further preparation and application of active peptides.