麻疹病毒属相关自噬的研究进展

Progress in morbillivirus-related autophagy

自噬是一种复杂的细胞内生物学过程,受众多基因调控,存在复杂的调控网络,在不同组织器官、生理和病理状态所起的作用也不同。对20多个病毒科的50多种DNA或RNA病毒的研究发现自噬是把双刃剑,但在研究麻疹病毒属病毒自噬相关内容时发现自噬有利于病毒的复制与传播,并且H和F蛋白在麻疹病毒属诱导自噬方面发挥着重要作用。麻疹病毒能够通过RNA病毒诱导自噬的关键调控分子IRGM诱发自噬,并且CD46作为麻疹病毒属的受体分子,在诱导自噬发生方面发挥了至关重要的作用。此外,麻疹病毒属病毒诱发的自噬与其引起的免疫抑制之间可能存在密切关系。本文为麻疹病毒属的免疫学研究提供了参考。

Autophagy is a complex intracellular biological process, which is regulated by a complex regulatory network involved in a large number of regulatory genes, and plays different roles depending on different tissues and organs, physiological and pathological states. In this review, the research progress in morbillivirus-related autophagy, especially the signal pathway of autophagy induced by the viruses is summarized. Studies on more than 20 families of viruses, and more than 50 different DNA or RNA viruses indicated that autophagy is a double-edged sword to a virus. In morbilliviruses, autophagy is critical for viral replication and spread. It was found that the viral H and F proteins are key molecules involved in morbillivirus-induced autophagy. Recent studies showed that measles virus could induce autophagy via IRGM, which is the key regulatory molecule in RNA virus-induced autophagy signaling pathway. CD46, a receptor of morbilliviruses, also plays a critical role in autophagy. In addition, there may be an important relationship between autophagy and immunosuppression caused by morbilliviruses.