柱花草种质资源表型性状的多样性分析

Phenotypic diversity analysis of Stylosanthes germplasms

为研究柱花草(Stylosanthes)遗传多样性分布情况及其遗传背景,本研究采用表型性状遗传多样性聚类分析和主成分分析,对来自6个不同种的60份柱花草种质资源的17个表型性状进行评价。结果表明,不同性状中多样性指数最高的是旗瓣条斑,其次是茎生长习性和茎毛类型;数量性状中变异系数最高的是自然株高,其次是小叶宽和叶柄长;通过聚类分析将60份柱花草种质分为两大类,其中7份头状柱花草(Stylosanthes capitata)、10份大头柱花草(S.Macrocephala)、7份有钩柱花草(S.hamata)和11份矮柱花草(S.humilis)为一类,8份细茎柱花草(S.gracilis)、17份圭亚那柱花草(S.guianensis)为一类。本研究将为柱花草筛选优良种质及提高育种效率提供依据。

To understand the genetic diversity distribution and genetic background of different Stylosanthes spe- cies, 60 accessions from 6 species were evaluated by cluster analysis and principal component analysis based on 17 phenotype traits. The results showed that banner stripe had the highest Shannon diversity index, followed by stem growth habits and stem indumentum. Plant height had the highest variation coefficient, followed by leaf width and petiole length. Clustering analysis demonstrated that 60 accessions were classified into 2 groups. Group I included 7 accessions of Stylosanthes capitata, 10 accessions of S. rnacrocephala, 7 accessions of S. harnata and 11 accessions of S. humilis, and group II included 8 accessions of S. gracilis and 17 accessions of S. guianensis. This study could provide useful information for selecting fine germplasm and improving breeding efficiency of Stylosanthes.