萧公弼与中国现代美育的早期开拓

XIAO Gongbi and Early Chinese Modern Aesthetic Education

萧公弼与王国维、蔡元培、鲁迅、梁启超一样,为中国美育的现代转型与早期开拓作出了应有的贡献。他在《美学·概论》中,一方面明确区分了"好色(美)"与"好淫",揭示出了"好色"是人的天性,而"好淫"则是纯粹的感官享乐与肉体欲望的满足,所以他倡导"色而不淫"的审美观;另一方面,他提出"重内而轻外"的命题,因为"内美"是艺术作品的内在意蕴,能给人持久的美感,同时还具有道德意味。此外,萧公弼推崇"忘美"之境,它不是一种刻意为之的道德境界,而是一种发自内心的审美境界,这种审美境界指向道德之善,它是真善美的融合为一。

XIAO Gongbi is one of the founders of Chinese modern aesthetics, whose Introduction to Aesthetics contains his peculiar and deep thoughts on aesthetic education. For one thing, he differentiates Haose and Haoyin and points out that the former is a human instinct and the latter is the pursuit of sensual pleasures and the satisfaction of physical desire. So he advo- cates the former over the latter. For another thing, He praises the notion of aesthetic education of Zhongnei and Qingwai, because Zhongnei is the inner meaning of arts which can give people an abiding aesthetic feeling and moral meanings. Be- sides, he calls for the realm of Wangmei, which is not a deliberate realm of morality but an aesthetic realm from the bottom of people＇s hearts. It leads to morality and is the mixture of the true, the good and the beautiful.