艾滋病宣传教育中的恐吓策略及其危害

Scare Tactic and its Damage: Take AIDS Publication and Education as an Example

在涉及疾病与健康问题的大众宣传教育中,各种不同的说服策略被开发利用,而所有策略的核心,无非是改变人们的观念与行为。在这些策略背后,为达到教育目的而隐含的"恐吓策略"普遍存在。在我国的艾滋病宣传教育过程中,恐吓策略一度被推到极致。人们在接受宣传教育后,一方面产生了对艾滋病的极大恐惧,另一方面出现了对艾滋病病毒感染者的道德化拷问与歧视。恐吓策略对个体、社会及艾滋病防治工作产生了巨大的危害与影响,但至今没有得到充分的揭示。

Various persuasivestrategies are developed and used in public education about diseases and health. The aim of all these strategies is nothing but changing the notions and behaviors of the tar- geted groups. Scare tactics generally underlie these strategies in order to fulfill the aims of the educa- tion. In China＇s AIDS publicity and education, scare tactics were once exploited to the full. The educa- tion created panic among people on the one hand and caused moral questioning of AIDS infection as well as discrimination on the other hand. The scare tactics have done a great deal of harm to individuals and society and greatly affected AIDS control and prevention. The consequences of the scare tacticshave not been brought to light fully.