澳大利亚原住民健康问题研究：社会事实与政策困局

Indigenous Health in Austurlia: Social Facts and Policy Dilemma

澳大利亚原住民健康水准和预期寿命整体上明显低于非原住民。面对这样一种社会事实,澳大利亚政府近年来大力推行旨在弥合原住民与非原住民之间健康差距的专项社会政策,即针对原住民的"健康计划"。原住民健康问题有其特殊的历史背景和社会决定因素,"健康计划"成为国家政策是社会运动的产物,但"健康计划"执行至今,明显存在效果不佳的问题。澳大利亚政府应该更加重视原住民文化的整体性、进一步激发原住民群体促进自身健康的能动性,以促成"健康计划"既定目标的如期实现。

Indigenous Australians have lower health level and shorter life expectancy than non- indigenous Australians on the whole. To bridge the the health status gap between the two populations, the Australiangovernment has been pushing ahead with a special policy called ＇ Closing the Gap ＇ for almost ten years. The health problems facing the aborigines are due to special historical and social factors. Closing the Gap has become a state policy as the result of social movements, but the plan hasn＇t achieved much. The Australiangovernment should attach importance to keeping the integrity of indige- nOUS culture and bring into better play the initiative of the aborigines to promote their own health so as to fulfill the expected goals of Closing the Gap.