文化转型视域下的社会风气--文化转型研究之三

Social Morality from the Perspective of Cultural Transformation——studies on cultural transformation(3)

改革开放之后中国社会经历的一系列变革也影响到了社会风气。费孝通提出的文化自觉以及受此影响提出的文化转型概念可作为社会风气研究的重要视角。文化转型视角下,以伦理、道德、乡规民约为核心的"礼制"社会的传统中国逐渐转变为以科层制为基础的都市社会。这一过程还带来了市场经济对于"脱嵌"的需求和传统"伦理经济"之间的矛盾。个体的觉醒以及私人生活的变革带来的现代与传统之间的不适应也成为社会风气转变的重要原因。将文化、经济、传统和社会进行再度整合,将是解决当前社会风气问题的重要途径。

The changes China has undergone since its reform and opening up to the outside world have also influenced social morality. Cultural consciousness and cultural transformation, two concepts proposed by Fei Xiaotong, provides important perspectives for studies on social morality. From the perspective of cultural transformation, the traditional Chinese ＂ etiquette ＂ society, with the core emphasis on ethics, morality and village rules and regulations, has gradually become an urban society based on bureaucracy. This transformation has also resulted in the contradiction between the ＂de-em- bedded＂ demand of market economy and the traditional ＂ ethical economy＂. The changed social morality is also the result of individual awakening and the maladjustment between the modern and the traditional brought about by the changes in private life. Thus, how to reintegrate culture, economy, tradition and society has become an important research subject for solving the current problems in social morality.