基于“板-梁”耦合技术的自升式海洋平台碰撞性能研究

Study on the collision performance of offshore jack-up platform based on the "plate-beam" coupling technology

随着世界各国对海洋资源开发的不断重视,各种海洋能源开发装备不断研发与应用,船舶与海洋平台碰撞的事故越发频繁.开展海洋平台碰撞性能研究,揭示平台结构在碰撞过程中的损伤变形机理,对更好地开展平台耐撞结构设计具有重要意义.由于海洋平台结构庞大且复杂,对其开展整体碰撞性能研究时,需要对模型进行合理简化.文中基于非线性有限元软件ABAQUS,针对自升式海洋平台结构特点,提出了"板-梁"耦合技术,以简化建立自升式海洋平台的碰撞模型.利用该技术分析了平台遭遇5 000 t补给船撞击下的动态响应,从损伤变形、碰撞力、能量吸收等方面对自升式海洋平台结构碰撞性能进行研究.研究结果表明:船舶与海洋平台碰撞具有明显的局部特征,碰撞区域的弦杆和撑杆均发生了较为明显的弯曲变形,且撑杆为主要的吸能构件,可见,适当增加碰撞区域撑杆的强度,可以有效提高平台的碰撞性能.

With the emphasis of marine resources,various offshore platforms are developed and put into use,making collision incidents between ships and offshore platforms more frequent. It is very important for the crashworthiness design of offshore platforms to perform the platform collision analysis and study the platform deformation mechanism during collision. The offshore jack-up platform structures are complicated,so it has to be simplified for numerical simulation during conducting the collision analysis. The simplified model of jack-up platform is built based on the ＂ plate-beam＂ coupling technology proposed in this paper by using the nonlinear finite element software ABAQUS. Then,the dynamic response of the platform is studied when it is impacted by a supply ship,and the damage deformation,collision force and energy absorption are discussed. The results indicate that the collision contact area has obvious local characteristic,and the bracing member is the main component for energy absorption. So,It can be predicted that if the collision region can be strengthened,the collision performance of the platform can be improved.