不同文类翻译汉语中“被”字句语义韵考察

The Semantic Prosody of Bei Passives in Different Genres of Translated Chinese

翻译汉语中"被"字句的语义韵研究受到了广泛的关注,但目前为止文类差异对其造成的影响还没有得到足够的注意。对比汉语译文语料库(ZCTC)和汉语母语语料库(LCMC)新闻类和小说类语料中"被"字句的语义韵发现:"被"字句使用频率在新闻类翻译汉语中显著高于原创汉语,而在小说类翻译汉语中却略低于原创汉语;同时,无论是在新闻类还是小说类汉语翻译语料中,"被"字句传统的消极语义色彩都有所消减,中性语义韵比例增加。英语被动式和汉语"被"字句在使用频率和语义功能上的差异是造成上述结果的主要原因。

The semantic prosody of Bei passives in translated Chinese extensively, but the factor of genre has not been considered adequately. By ha.s been studied quite comparing the Chinese comparable corpora ZCTC and LCMC,the present paper investigates the semantic prosody of Bei passives in two different genres of translated Chinese texts. The findings show that Bei passives are much more frequently used in the translated than in the non-translated news,but less frequently used in the translated than in the non-translated fiction;meanwhile,the proportion of negative Bei passives decreases in both translated news and fiction. The author maintains that the main reasons for the above findings include differences in the fre- quency and the semantic property between English and Chinese passives.