Mo^(6+)对草鱼组织器官及抗氧化酶活性的影响

Effects of Molybdenum Ion on Histological Structure of Tissue and Organs and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Grass Carp

通过不同质量浓度Mo^(6+)(0、30.67、122.66mg/L)对(10.0±3.0)g草鱼幼鱼脑、肝脏、肾脏、心脏及性腺的组织学以及对肝胰脏抗氧化酶活性的影响,探讨了重金属Mo^(6+)的毒性积累和毒性机制。结果表明,草鱼Mo^(6+)中毒后,脑组织出现异常,表现为细胞破裂、细胞核聚集程度严重;肾脏充血,肾小管上皮细胞核肥大,肾小球明显萎缩;心脏肌纤维细胞体积增大,单位视野内细胞数变少,细胞核形态异常,以及局部的细胞空泡变性,出现少量细胞核偏移和密集并且细胞轮廓模糊,肌纤维有轻微断裂现象;肝脏的肝细胞出现严重的水样变性,伴随着细胞溶解、浑浊变性和轮廓模糊,血窦扩张,形成局部的点状病灶;卵巢中卵母细胞出现核变形,胞质中出现小的空泡,细胞核膨胀,扩张和核仁空泡化;精巢中生精小管畸形,含不同发育阶段的精原细胞、精母细胞、精子细胞,精细胞体积增大,精子数量明显减少。随着Mo^(6+)质量浓度的升高和时间延长,草鱼肝胰脏中的超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量降低。

In the experiment,the influence of different concentrations（0,30.67 and 122.66mg/L）of molybdenum ion on histological structure of brain,kidney,hepatopancreas,heart and gonads were studied in grass carp with body weight of some 10 g by a hydrostatic test to seek for the accumulation and toxicity mechanism of heavy metal.It was found that the brain cells were found to be expansion,discrete,nuclear reduction,and residual nuclear material scattered distribution in the grass carp exposed to Mo6＋,thus leading to cell necrosis.Tubular degenerations,congestion,cloudy degeneration,hypertrophy of nuclei in the tubular epithelial cells,and glomerular atrophy were observed in the kidney tissues of fish after exposure.The liver cells showed degeneration,serious water-like and serious blood sinus expansion,accompanied by lysis,turbidity degeneration and contour fuzzy,forming local dot lesions.Cardiac muscle fibers had increased cell volume,and the unit cells were less in view,the nuclear shape,as well as the local cell vacuole degeneration,but a small deviations and the density and cell nucleus contour fuzzy,and muscle fibers had a slight fracture phenomenon.Oocyte nuclear deformation and small vacuoles appeared in the cytoplasm,nuclear expansion,and nucleolar vacuoles.Testis was significantly reduced in the number of sperm,born seminiferous tubule obvious deformity,including different development stages of spermatogonium,spermatocyte and sperm,and sperm cell volumes were increased.With the increase in Mo6＋concentration and time,the activity of SOD and MDA content in the hepatopanceas of grass carp was decreased.