航道开挖对波浪传播影响的试验研究

Experimental study on influence of channel excavation on wave propagation

针对航道的开挖对于航道区域波浪传播变形影响较大的问题,基于波浪整体物理模型试验方法,对航道开挖后波浪在航道区域的传播规律进行研究。结果表明:航道迎浪侧最大比波高与波浪入射角度成反比,航道背浪侧的最小比波高与入射角度成正比。波浪小角度入射时,航道对波浪的折射作用较强,航道内波能衰减也较大;当波浪大角度入射时,航道对波浪的折射作用较弱,波浪穿越航道的能力较强,此时航道迎浪侧的比波高与谱峰周期成正比,航道内水深越小,航道对波浪的折射作用越强,迎浪侧的波能集中越大。

The influence of channel excavation on wave propagation in the channel area is significant.Based on the method of wave physical model test, we study the wave propagation law in the channel area after the channel excavation.The result shows that the maximum ratio of the measured wave height to the original incident wave height on the wave approach side is inversely proportional to the wave incident angle, and the minimum ratio of the measured wave height to the original incident wave height on the wave back side is inversely proportional to the wave incident angle. When the wave is of small incident angle, the channel has a strong refraction effect on the wave, and the wave energy attenuation in the channel is also large. Besides, when the incident angle is large, the channel has a weak refraction effect on the wave, the ability of wave＇ s passing through the channel is strong, and the ratio of the measured wave height to the original incident wave height on the wave approach side is proportional to the spectrum peak period. The smaller the water depth within the channel, the stronger the channel＇ s refraction effect on the wave, and the greater the wave energy concentration on the wave approach side.