高跟鞋致损伤的生物力学与流行病学研究进展

Review on biomechanical and epidemiological research on injuries from high heels

以降低高跟鞋损伤风险为出发点,对高跟鞋步态生物力学特征进行系统综述,并结合相关流行病学依据对高跟鞋引发的肌肉骨骼系统损伤情况作出总结,为进一步研究提供思路.对高跟鞋步态中足底压力分布、下肢各关节三维角度变化及关节力矩特征三方面进行了较为全面的总结与分析,并且明确阐述了高跟鞋对踝关节扭伤、足部疼痛及摔倒的生物力学机制的影响.但到目前为止,没有足够的流行病学研究证据可以证明高跟鞋会增加膝关节炎的患病风险.随着对高跟鞋步态及其损伤机制更为明确与深入的认识,高跟鞋设计也将朝着更加人性化与合理化的方向发展.

To reduce injury risk in connection with high heels, this paper conducts a review on the biomechanical characteristics of high-heeled gait in combination of epidemic evidence. Results suggest that the effects of plantar pressure distribution, lower limb 3D joint angle changes and joint moments are consistent with the conclusions made from the biomechanical mechanism of ankle sprain, foot pain and falls. However, there are few epidemiological evidences to corroborate the notion that high-heeled shoes will increase risk of knee osteoarthritis.