非酯化脂肪酸对奶牛氧化应激的诱导作用及其机制

Mechanism of Oxidative Stress Induced by Non-Esterification Fatty Acids in Dairy Cows

处于围产期的奶牛由于能量负平衡引起脂质动员,导致大量非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)释放进入肝脏和血液。当NEFA处于较高浓度时,可改变机体抗氧化系统与氧化系统的平衡状态,并激活核因子κB信号通路及丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路,同时也会抑制核因子E2相关因子2信号通路的活化,诱发机体炎性损伤,最终诱导奶牛产生氧化应激,从而直接影响奶牛养殖业的经济效益。本文主要综述了NEFA对围产期奶牛氧化应激的诱导作用及其机制的研究进展,旨在为奶牛生产中缓解氧化应激、提高免疫机能及促进生产性能的发挥提供理论依据。

Due to the negative energy balance, lipid mobilization is resulted in the transition dairy cows, which leads to the release of a large amount of non-esterification fatty acids （NEFA） into circulation and liver. High concentration of NEFA will change the balance between the oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system, and subsequently it will activate the nuclear factor kappa-B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling path- way and inhibit nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 signaling pathway, eventually resulting in inflammatory inju- ry and the onset of oxidative stress. The negative effects of damage to cows on the economic benefits of dairy cattle industry are inevitable. This paper reviews the effects and mechanism of NEFA on oxidative stress status in transition dairy cows and provides a theoretical basis for alleviation of oxidative stress, enhancement of im- mune function and improvement of performance in dairy cows during transition period.