基于GIS的武汉市夏季风环境研究

GIS Based Summer Wind Environment Analysis in Wuhan

武汉是典型夏热冬冷城市,2012年起武汉市开展城市风道规划以缓解城市夏季高温。本文基于武汉市都市发展区27个气象站点实时监测数据,借助ARCGIS10.0和Origin8.0对武汉市多年夏季一天风速风向进行分析。研究发现受城市中心区地表粗糙度的影响,中心区风速远小于近郊区风速,随着中心区高强度开发,全天中心区与近郊区风速差呈现增大趋势;离长江、湖泊较近的站点的风向会受到内陆湖风的影响,与当日盛行风不一致。研究还发现因城市中心区下垫面复杂,影响风速因素较多,仅从城市建筑形态分析与各站点风速相关性略显不足。

Wuhan is a city with hot summer and cold winter. Air path planning has been done to mitigate hot summer in Wuhan since 2012. Based on the data of 27 meteorological stations in the urban development area of Wuhan, this paper analyzed the wind speed and direction of Wuhan city for many years using the software ARCGIS10.0 and Origin8.0. The study found that the wind speed was much smaller in the central area for the bigger surface roughness. The wind speed differences between the central and suburban areas is widening with the intensive development in the central area. Wind direction is not consistent with the prevailing direction because of the effect of the nearby lake and Yangtze River. The study also showed that the impact of wind speed is very complicated for the complexity of the underlying surface of the city central area. It was inadequate to only analysis the relation between wind speed and urban uniform.