中国古代戏场建筑对表演者及观众的心理影响作用初探

Different Forms of Psychological Influence on Stage Performer and Audience

戏剧是中国古代文化的有机组成部分,它展示着古代生活的各个方面,对中国古代的社会生活、历史政治、经济发展进行了全面的呈现。宋唐以来,戏剧已经逐渐的成为了社会各个阶层的娱乐方式。戏场建筑作为一种专供演出及观演使用的建筑形式,更像是展示文化的一种物质展台。在戏场建筑中,利用锣鼓、丝竹等乐器,演绎知名戏剧,无论是其中的演员,还是观众,都能够通过戏场建筑为桥梁,进行艺术、情感等方面的交流活动。中国古代戏场建筑从早期的露台到金代三面观的戏台,一直到元代普遍分为前后场。建筑形式的逐渐完善,标志着戏曲的逐渐成熟。可以说,戏场建筑是中国古代文化的物质载体,也是现代社会可见的主要古代戏剧文物之一。该文将针对我国古代不同形式的戏场建筑对于表演者与观众的心理影响进行分析,希望可以在一定程度上拓展我国戏台、戏剧等问题的研究领域,并促进其多元化发展。

The drama is an integral part of Chinese ancient culture, it shows various aspects of ancient life, it has comprehensively presented Chinese ancient social life, history of political and economic development. Since the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty, drama has gradually become the social classes of entertainment. Stage as a kind of building form, is more like a culture which shows a substance on the booth, on the stage, using percussion, string and wind instruments, such as interpretation of ancient and modem, Chinese and foreign many well-known theater, whether it is the actor and the audience, all through the stage as a bridge for exchange of each others＇ activities. Theater is the opera performances, the special places, from the early terraces to the Jin Dynasty and the Yu~,n Dynasty, the stage has begun to generally divided into before and after games. The stage gradually improved, and also marked the maturity of Chinese opera. It can be said that the stage is the material carrier of China ancient culture, modem society is one of the main visible ancient drama cultural relics. According to the different forms of ancient China＇s stage for the psychological impact of the performer and the audience analysis, we hope it expand China＇s stage, drama and the research field, so as to diversify and promote its development direction.