潍坊市2013-2015年麻疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Weifang from 2013 to 2015

目的了解潍坊市2013——2015年麻疹发病趋势,为消除麻疹策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,研究探讨潍坊市2013——2015年麻疹流行规律。结果 2013——2015年潍坊市报告麻疹确诊病例542例,年均发病率为1.95/10万,无死亡病例。3~8月为发病高峰,病例主要集中在奎文、寿光、安丘、高密、诸城,占71.96%(390/542)。发病年龄最小3个月,最大62岁,病例年龄以0~5岁儿童和20~50岁成年人为主。职业以散居儿童、农民和工人为主,散居儿童占的比例最高36.90%(200/542)。有麻疹疫苗免疫史的96例,无免疫史的75例,免疫史不详的371例。2起麻疹爆发,发生在安丘和寿光市。结论潍坊市2013——2015年麻疹发病率处在较低水平,病例年龄以0~5岁儿童和20~50岁成年人为主。

Objective To research the epidemic situation of measles in Weifang from 2013 to 2015,so as to provide sci- entific evidence for the control and elimination of this disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiologic methods was applied to analyzing the epidemic regularity of measles in Weifang from 2013 to 2015. Results In total, 542cases of confirmed measles were reported in Weifang during these two years （from 2013 to 2015） , with the average incidence rate of 19.5 per million. No measles-related death were observed. The epidemic peak of measles was from March to August. Meanwhile, most cases concentrated in four regions including Anqiu, Kuiwen, Shouguang and Fangzi, accounting for 71.96% （390/542） of all cases. Tile age of these patients ranged form 3 monthes to 62 years, in which a great majority were children between 0 and 5 years old and adults between 20 and 50 years old. The three most common occupations of measles patients were scattered children, farmers and workers, with the scattered children being the highest proportion,accounting for 36.90% （200/542） , respectively. Notably, 96 ca- ses had the history of measles vaccine immunity, 75 cases did not, while the immunity history was unclear for 371 cases. There were 2 measles outbreaks occurring in Anqiu and Shouguang, respectively. Conclusion Measles disease incidence rates occupy the low level, and the majority of the cases are 0-5-year-old children and 20-50-year-old adults inWeifang from 2013 to 2015.