海洋污损生物黏附机制与酶防污技术研究进展

Attachment mechanisms of marine fouling organisms and progress of enzyme based antifouling technology

本文综述海洋污损生物黏附机制与酶防污技术研究进展。海洋污损生物具有显著的生物多样性,附着过程差异显著,但其附着基础大抵相同,均通过由蛋白质、多糖、脂质等组成的黏附物质的协同作用实现牢固附着。针对污损生物黏附物质的组成及黏附机制,基于酶的生物催化作用和环境友好特性,酶基防污技术成为新型环境友好型防污材料重要发展方向之一,具有广阔的应用前景。

In this paper,the attachment mechanisms of marine fouling organisms and the progress of enzyme based antifouling technology were reviewed.Although marine fouling organisms have significant biological diversity and their attachment processes vary from each other remarkably,their attachment mechanisms are the same in some extent.Marine fouling organisms would achieve firm attachment through the synergistic effect of adhesive materials composed of proteins,polysaccharides and lipids,etc.Aiming at the components of biofouling adhesive materials and attachment mechanisms,enzyme based antifouling technology,one of the important development directions of new environment-friendly antifouling materials,has a broad application prospect due to its biocatalytic effect and environment-friendly characteristic.