整合式发展型流浪儿童救助保护新模式

The New Integrated and Developmental Street Children Relief and Protection Model

长期滞留在救助保护机构内的流浪儿童面临着回家难,返家更难、入学难、就业难等一系列困难,封闭式救助模式带来的对流浪儿童社会排斥的固化甚至强化,是导致上述问题的根本原因。为了解决这些问题,民政部门开展了未成年人社会保护试点工作,政策目标从保障流浪未成人基本生活权益提升到探索未成年人社会保护体系建设。试点取得了一些积极成效,但更多深层次的矛盾,如地区分割、部门分割、过度依赖物质救助等问题日益凸显出来。为此,本文提出,进一步改革的目标应该是整合式发展型流浪儿童救助保护新模式。

The street children who stay long-term in the relief and protection institutions face Narious kinds of difficulties, such as, returning home, family integration, school enrollment and employment. The underlyin cause of the above-mentioned problems is the solidification and strengthening of the social exclusion faced by the street children. In order to solve these problems, the civil affairs departments carry out the pilot projects in the social protection of infants. The policy objective moves up from the protection of the basic living rights to the construction of the social protection system for infants. The pilot projets has achieved some positive results, while witnessed more deep-seated contradictions, such as regional segmentation, sectoral segmentation, increesing over reliance on material assistance. Therefore, this paper proposes an integrated and developmental street children relief and protection model as further reform goal.