溶瘤痘苗病毒对肿瘤细胞作用机制的研究进展

Advance on research of oncolytic vaccinia virus inhibits tumor cells

溶瘤病毒治疗,是指利用具有复制能力的病毒选择性地感染和摧毁癌细胞,而对正常细胞或组织影响很少甚至没有影响的一种癌症治疗方法.痘苗病毒在肿瘤的基因治疗应用研究中以其独特的优势而备受关注.痘苗病毒感染细胞后具有产生病毒颗粒快、宿主范围广、基因组容量大、安全性高、传播高效等优点.尤为重要的是,基于溶瘤痘苗病毒的天然特性或遗传工程的改造,溶瘤痘苗病毒可以选择性地在肿瘤细胞中复制并对其产生杀伤效果.痘苗溶瘤病毒引起肿瘤细胞裂解和死亡是由多种不同的机制引起的.本文就近年来溶瘤痘苗病毒对细胞作用机制和相关信号通路的影响作一简要综述.

Oncolytic viruses are therapeutically useful anticancer viruses that will selectively infect and damage cancerous tissues with less （or without） causing harm to normal tissues. Several unique features of vaccinia virus make it an excellent choice as a gene delivery vehicle in vivo. Advantages of vaccinia virus include rapidly production of viral particles, widely host range, large capacity for foreign DNA accommodation, safety in human and highly efficient at spreading after infection. 0ncolytic vaccine virus can selectively replicate within and lyse cancer cells, both based on their natural biology and through genetic engineering. Oncolytic virus therapies have the ability to target and destroy cancer cells by multiple complementary mechanisms. We write a brief review about the underlying mechanisms ofvaccinia virus effect.