三维打印皮肤组织研究进展

The state-of-the-art of 3D bio-printing of skin tissues

生物三维打印技术可以在计算机控制下,将多种生物材料和细胞精准定位组装到设计位置形成三维类组织,是目前制造复杂多层结构皮肤组织最具潜力的新技术.本文在分析人体皮肤结构和组成基础上,首先综述了生物三维打印皮肤的结构建模、生物材料和种子细胞等基本流程和关键要素;然后系统介绍了激光打印皮肤、喷墨打印皮肤、连续挤出打印皮肤和原位打印皮肤的原理和研究现状,总结了它们的优缺点;在此基础上,探讨了三维打印皮肤技术未来的发展方向,系统归纳了生物三维打印皮肤在临床治疗、药物筛选和基础研究领域的价值.

Three-dimensional bio-printing technology is the most advanced new technology in the manufacture of complex multi-layered structures of the skin tissue. This computer-controlled technology is used to precisely place a variety of biological materials and cells at the designated position so that they can be assembled to form three-dimensional tissue layers. Based on the analysis of the structure and composition of human skin, this paper summarizes the basic processes and key elements of three-dimensional bio-printed skin structure modeling, biomaterials, and seed cells. Three types of printers, laser-assisted, inkjet, and extrusion printers, are described and their advantages and disadvantages analyzed. The future development of 3D bio-printing is discussed, and its value in clinical treatment, drug screening, and basic research is summarized.