财政支出结构对中国城乡收入差距的影响研究

The Impact of Fiscal Expenditure Structure on the Income Gap Between Urban and Rural Areas in China

探讨中国城镇和农村地区居民收入差异及其影响因素,对缩小中国城乡收入分配差距、充分发挥财政支出作用、推动城乡一体化发展具有重要作用。研究发现:2000—2014年中国城镇地区和农村地区的居民收入差异总体上均呈现不断缩小之势,但城镇和农村地区之间的城乡收入总差异整体上仍较大;城乡之间居民收入的地区间差距仍较大,但地区内差距较小;城镇地区的区内差异较大,而农村地区的区内差异较小。财政教育支出、财政科学技术支出、财政医疗卫生支出和财政交通运输支出对城镇居民和农村居民收入的影响比较显著。随着经济的增长,我国城乡居民收入差距拉大,城乡居民收入存在倒"U"型现象。

It is very important to study the income gap between urban and rural residents in China and its influencing factors, which is of great significance in reducing the income gap between urban and rural areas, giving full play to the role of fiscal expenditure and promoting the integration of urban and rural areas. The results show that： 2000-2014, the overall income difference of the residents in Chinese urban and rural areas are showing a shrinking trend, but the overall income gap difference between urban and rural is still large; The income gap between urban and rural residents is still relatively large, but the gap is relatively small in the region, the difference between urban and rural areas is relatively large, and the regional differences in rural areas is relatively small. The effects of fiscal education expenditure, fiscal expenditure on science and technology, medical and health of fiscal expenditure and fiscal expenditure of transportation for urban residents and rural residents income is significantly. With the growth of economic, the urban-rural income gap in our country is widening, the income of urban and rural residents have inverted ＂U＂ type.